Experimental Isolation and Transplantation of Hepatocytes With the Use of Antibody Against Interleukin-2 Receptor (Daclizumab) as Immunosuppressive Agent

Daclizumab (Dmab) is a genetically engineered humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to the α chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (Tac, CD25, p55) expressed on activated human T lymphocytes. Dmab has been used in a clinical protocol of islet transplantation with satisfactory results. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of an antibody against the interleukin-2 receptor (Dmab) as an immunosuppressive agent in an experimental model of hepatocyte allotransplantation (allo-Tx) in rats with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Six Wistar rats were used as donors and 48 Lewis rats as recipients: four groups of 12 animals each with induction of FHF and 24 hour later hepatocyte Tx—group A: no treatment; group B: cyclosporin (20 mg/kg days 0 to 5 and 10 mg/kg days 6 to 15); group C: Dmab (0.05 mg day of Tx and 0.05 mg day 7); and group D: Dmab and cyclosporine. Hepatocytes were transplanted intrasplenically. Animals were followed for 15 days. Statistical analysis showed better survival among groups C (83%, MST = 13) and D (92%, MST = 14.25) compared to groups A (max 72, MST = 1.5) or B (50%, MST = 9). Survival in group D was better but not significantly than group C. Biochemical evaluation and histology confirmed satisfactory function and engraftment, respectively. This experimental model showed the safe, effective use of Dmab.