Toward localizing genes underlying cerebral asymmetry and mental health

Genome investigations of autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and dyslexia suggest possible genetic overlap. Atypical cerebral asymmetry (ACA), the absence of the left hemisphere dominance for language, may be a shared phenotype due to genes located in regions of overlap. A binomal test is used to evaluate whether linked regions overlap more than expected by chance for 15 genome‐wide scans in autism, ADHD, and dyslexia. Significant evidence of linkage overlap (P = 10−7) is seen for autism, ADHD, and dyslexia for seven chromosomal regions (2p11–12, 5p13, 7q22–33, 9q33–34, 13q22, 16p13, and 17p11–q11). Linkage analysis of ACA and molecular markers for 270 sibling pairs with ADHD is conducted using the Haseman–Elston statistic. Linkage analysis supports ACA as a shared phenotype with risk genes located on 9q33–34 or 16p13 (P