Ion Mobility Spectrometric Investigation of Aromatic Cations in the Gas Phase

In this work, ion mobility (IM) spectra of more than 50 aromatic compounds were recorded with a laser-based IM spectrometer at atmospheric pressure. IM spectra of PAH in the laser desorption experiment show a high complexity resulting from the occurrence of monomeric, dimeric, and oligomeric cluster ions. The mobilities of all compounds were determined in helium as drift gas. This allows the calculation of the diffusion cross sections (Ωcalc) on the basis of the exact hard sphere scattering model and their comparison with the experimentally determined diffusion cross sections (Ωexp). Extended Ωexp/Ωcalc and Ωexp/mass correlations were performed in order to gain insight into conformational properties of cationic alkyl benzenes and internal rotation of phenyl rings in aromatic ions. This is demonstrated with some examples, such as the evaluation of the dihedral angle of the ions of 9,10-diphenylanthracene, o- and m-terphenyl, and 1,2,3- and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene. Furthermore, sandwich and T-structures of dimeric PAH cations are discussed. The analysis was extended to oligomeric ions with up to nine monomer units. Experimental evidence is presented suggesting the formation of π-stacks with a transition toward modified π-stacks with increasing cluster size. The distance between monomeric units in dimeric and oligomeric ions was obtained.