Molgramostim (GM-CSF) Associated With Antibiotic Treatment in Nontraumatic Abdominal Sepsis: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

HYPOTHESIS The addition of molgramostim (recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) to antibiotic therapy for nontraumatic and generalized abdominal sepsis is effective and has a significant impact on length of hospitalization, direct medical costs, and mortality. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Fifty-eight patients with abdominal sepsis. INTERVENTIONS Patients were allocated to receive, in addition to ceftriaxone sodium, amikacin sulfate, and metronidazole, molgramostim in a daily dosage of 3 μg/kg for 4 days (group 1) or placebo (group 2). Antibiotics were administered for at least 5 days and discontinued after clinical improvement had occurred and white blood cell count had been normal for 48 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to improvement, duration of antibiotic therapy, hospital stay, complications, mortality, and adverse reactions to drugs. RESULTS Median time to improvement was 2 days in group 1 and 4 days in group 2 (P