Proniosomes as a drug carrier for transdermal delivery of ketorolac

Niosomes are nonionic surfactant vesicles that have potential applications in the delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Permeation of a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, ketorolac, across excised rabbit skin from various proniosome gel formulations was investigated using Franz diffusion cells. Each of the prepared proniosomes significantly improved drug permeation and reduced the lag time ( P0.05). The encapsulation efficiency and size of niosomal vesicles formed by proniosome hydration were also characterized by specific high performance liquid chromatography method and scanning electron microscopy. Each of the prepared niosomes achieved about 99% drug encapsulation. Vesicle size was markedly dependent on the composition of the proniosomal formulations. Proniosomes may be a promising carrier for ketorolac and other drugs, especially due to their simple production and facile up.