Morphine pharmacokinetics during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates

To study morphine pharmacokinetics in neonates undergoing venoarterial ECMO and to quantify differences between these neonates and neonates subjected to noncardiac major surgery. Observational study in a level III referral center. Pharmacokinetic estimates from 14 neonates undergoing ECMO were compared with findings from a previous study in 0- to 3-year-olds after noncardiac major surgery using a nonlinear mixed effect model. A one-compartment linear disposition model with zero-order input (infusion) and first-order elimination was used to describe all data. Clearance in neonates (age