Quantitative risk stratification and individual comprehensive therapy for invasive bladder cancers in China

Background To evaluate the risk factors for invasive bladder cancer and to develop a predictive model for the improvement of individual comprehensive therapy for invasive bladder cancers. Materials and methods The records of 356 patients with invasive bladder cancer, operated on at three Chinese medical institutes, were reviewed. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the clinical and pathological variables affecting disease-free survival (DFS). The regression coefficients determined by Cox regression analysis were used to construct a predictive index (PI). PI was used to categorize the patients into different risk groups. Kaplan–Meier survival curves followed with log-rank test were plotted to compare the difference. Results Tumor configuration (RR = 1.60, P = 0.01), multiplicity (RR = 1.41, P = 0.04), histological subtype (RR = 2.13, P