Low plasma vitamin E levels in major depression: diet or disease?

Objective: Levels of vitamin E have been reported to be lower in patients suffering major depression, but whether this is due to inadequate dietary intake or the pathophysiology of depression is not known, and was the subject of the present study. Setting: Wollongong, Australia. Methods: Plasma vitamin E ( α -tocopherol) was measured in 49 adults with major depression, age (mean±s.d.): 47±12 y. In a subset ( n =19) usual dietary intake of vitamin E was determined by diet history. Results: Subjects had significantly lower plasma α -tocopherol (4.71±0.13 μmol/mmol cholesterol) than has previously been reported for healthy Australians, and plasma α -tocopherol was inversely related to depression score (by Beck Depression Inventory) ( r =−0.367, P