Rough surface scattering in a Born approximation from a two-way coupled-mode formalism

Scattering from a rough surface in an ocean waveguide is described in a new derivation from a two-way coupled-mode representation. The general formalism, which contains scattering effects to all orders, is truncated to the first-order terms of an iterative (Born) expansion. Both two- and three-dimensional ocean waveguide geometries are discussed. By reducing the mode functions in terms of plane wave reflection coefficients, the off-diagonal components of the scattering kernel that is derived are shown to be consistent with a standard solution, but the diagonal components are different from the standard solution.