Preparation of 100 nm diameter unilamellar vesicles containing zinc phthalocyanine and cholesterol for use in photodynamic therapy

An efficient (89–95% yield) and low-cost procedure to prepare unilamellar vesicles was used to incorporate zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), a model compound used as a phototherapeutic agent in studies aiming the use of unilamellar vesicles as delivery system for photodynamic therapy (PDT). ZnPc was incorporated in the presence or absence of cholesterol (CHOL), which improved the stability of the delivery system. The net vesicles present a mean diameter around 1000 nm, whereas in the presence of CHOL, CHOL and ZnPc, or only ZnPc, a drastic reduction in its diameter, varying between 100 and 150 nm, was observed. The incorporation of only ZnPc also results in a considerable reduction in the diameter of the liposomes suggests that ZnPc, due to its high hidrophobicity, must share the same microenvironment occupied by CHOL molecules.