Desmoids: A Revelation in Biology and Treatment

Introduction Using a preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiation protocol, followed by complete excision, we have achieved local control rates exceeding that found in most large series. Methods From October 1990 through May 2008, resectable desmoids were initially treated with a preoperative protocol using Adriamycin 30 mg × 3 days continuous intravenous infusion followed by 3,000 cGy of radiation (300 cGy fractions over 10 days). Resection was performed 4–6 weeks later. After 2001, all patients were initially offered Tamoxifen 120 mg/day and Celebrex 400 mg/day for 1 year. Patients who progressed on Tamox/Celeb were treated with protocol and those with stabilization or regression were observed. Patient demographics, tumor size, history of previous recurrences, and follow-up status were recorded prospectively. Results There were 40 females and 12 males with a mean follow-up of 45 months. Forty patients presented with primary tumors and eight presented with recurrent disease. Thirty-nine patients had surgical resection and 13 were observed. Thirty patients underwent the neoadjuvant protocol. Tamoxifen and Celebrex were used in 16 patients, 6 had stabilization in growth, 1 had a 50% reduction in the size of the tumor, there was 1 complete regression, and 8 progressed. Of the patients who had resectable disease Tamoxifen and Celebrex obviated surgery in 30%. Overall 13% (5) of patients developed a recurrence. There were three recurrences among the protocol group for a local control rate of 90%. Conclusion Although our neoadjuvant protocol demonstrates the best results to date in eradication of disease, an initial conservative approach is reasonable to determine who would most benefit from surgery.