Bone Disease in Kidney Transplant Patients

Summary Chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease are associated with significant disturbances in bone and mineral metabolism. With advances in the management of chronic kidney disease and improved outcomes of kidney transplantation, posttransplantation bone disease is a serious cause of morbidity in long-term survivors. The management of post–kidney transplantation bone disease is difficult because of its complex pathophysiology. Furthermore, studies of therapeutic options that may show improvement in bone mineral density have not necessarily been shown to decrease fracture risk. Evaluating and managing post–kidney transplantation bone disease remains an integral part of posttransplant medical care.