Circumstances and consequences of falls in residential care: the New Zealand story

To describe the circumstances and consequences of falls in long-term residential care homes in New Zealand. A study followed 14 residential care facilities over 18 months and recorded all falls experienced by 680 residents (97% participation rate). The number and characteristics of falls are described according to the timing, activities, direction, and severity of falls. Predictors of injury are examined using regression techniques. 271 residents sustained 954 falls, 63% of which resulted in injury. The rate of falls increased in the afternoons especially in rest homes. Environmental hazards were involved with 15% of falls. Falling in the dining room was associated with fewer injuries, and falling from a standing height, and to the side, were independently associated with major injury such as hip fracture. The timing and circumstances of observed falls and their subsequent injuries is useful information for healthcare planners, and staff involved in the care of older people living in long-term residential care settings.