Cultural challenges and international research integrity

In China, for example, asking parents how they choose their child's school might be sensitive because families do not make these choices.3 Another issue is the availability of researchers in less-developed countries, who often have several jobs to earn a living wage.6 One unpleasant reality for researchers from the developed world is that, in some cultures, research will not be started or completed without a bribe.6,7 During the planning phase, ethical issues should be considered in more detail than usual, because what is considered adequate protection could diff er.