Body mass index and mortality: results of a cohort of 184,697 adults in Austria

There is still a debate about the role of body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor for all-cause mortality. Most investigations with large sample sizes focused on populations from the United States, studies from Central-European cohorts are not available. We investigated the association between BMI and all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality within a cohort in Austria. Design of this article is “Cohort study”. The Subjects used were 184,697 men and women (mean age 41.7 ± 15.4 years). Weight and height were measured. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). During a median follow-up of 15.1 years 15,557 deaths (6,077 from cardiovascular disease, 4,443 from cancer and 606 from respiratory disease) were seen. A U-shaped association between BMI and all-cause mortality was observed in men and women. Compared with the reference category (BMI 22.5-24.9 kg/m²) high risks were found both in the highest category of BMI (>=35 kg/m²) with HR of 2.13 (95% CI, 1.82-2.48) in men and 1.60 (95% CI, 1.42-1.81) in women and in the lowest category (