Robotic Radical Prostatectomy in Overweight and Obese Patients: Oncological and Validated-Functional Outcomes

Objectives To determine the impact of body mass index (BMI) on perioperative functional and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing robotic laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP) when stratified by BMI. Methods Data were collected prospectively for 945 consecutive patients undergoing RLRP. Patients were evaluated with the UCLA-PCI-SF36v2 validated-quality-of-life questionnaire preoperatively and postoperatively to 24 months. Patients were stratified by BMI as normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2 ), overweight (BMI = 25 to < 30 kg/m2 ) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) for outcomes analysis. Results Preoperatively, obese men had a significantly greater percentage of medical comorbidities ( P < .01) as well as a baseline erectile dysfunction (lower mean baseline Sexual Health Inventory for Men score [ P = .01] and UCLA-PCI-SF36v2 sexual function domain scores [ P = .01]). Mean operative time was significantly longer in obese patients when compared with normal and overweight men (234 minutes vs 217 minutes vs 214 minutes; P = .0003). Although overall complication rates were comparable between groups, a greater incidence of case abortion caused by pneumoperitoneal pressure with excessive airway pressures was noted in obese men. Urinary continence and potency outcomes were significantly lower for obese men at both 12 and 24 months (all P < .05). Conclusions In this series, obese men experienced a longer operative time, particularly during the initial robotic experience. As such, surgeons early in their RLRP learning curve should proceed cautiously with surgery in these technically more difficult patients or reserve such cases until the learning curve has been surmounted. These details, including inferior urinary and sexual outcomes, should be discussed with obese patients during preoperative counseling.