Generating and Dimerizing the Transient 16-Electron Phosphinidene Complex [CpIrPAr]: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

The properties of the 16‐electron phosphinidene complex [CpRIrPR] were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Density functional theory calculations show a preferred bent geometry for the model complex [CpIrPH], in contrast to the linear structure of [CpIrNH]. Dimerization to give [{CpIr...

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Veröffentlicht in:Chemistry : a European journal 2004-08, Vol.10 (16), p.4063-4072
Hauptverfasser: Termaten, Arjan T., Nijbacker, Tom, Ehlers, Andreas W., Schakel, Marius, Lutz, Martin, Spek, Anthony L., McKee, Michael L., Lammertsma, Koop
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The properties of the 16‐electron phosphinidene complex [CpRIrPR] were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Density functional theory calculations show a preferred bent geometry for the model complex [CpIrPH], in contrast to the linear structure of [CpIrNH]. Dimerization to give [{CpIrPH}2] and ligand addition to afford [Cp(L)IrPH] (L=PH3, CO) were calculated to give compounds that were energetically highly favorable, but which differed from the related imido complexes. Transient 16‐electron phosphinidene complex [Cp*IrPAr] could not be detected experimentally. Dehydrohalogenation of [Cp*IrCl2(PH2Ar)] in CH2Cl2 at low temperatures resulted in the novel fused‐ring systems 17 (Ar=Mes*) and 20 (Ar=Mes), with dimeric [{Cp*IrPAr}2] being the likely intermediate. Intramolecular CH bond activation induced by steric factors is considered to be the driving force for the irreversible formation of 17 and 20. ONIOM calculations suggest this arises because of the large steric congestion in [{Cp*IrPAr}2], which forces it toward a more reactive planar structure that is apt to rearrange. De eigenschappen van het 16e fosfinideen complex RIr=PR worden theoretisch en experimenteel onderzocht. DFT‐berekeningen tonen aan dat het model‐complex [CpIrPH] in tegenstelling tot de lineaire structuur van [CpIrNH] een gebogen geometrie prefereert. De berekeningen laten zien dat zowel dimerisatie naar [{CpIrPH}2] als ook ligand additie tot [Cp(L)IrPH] (L=PH3, CO) beide energetisch zeer voordelig zijn, wat sterk verschilt van het verwante imido complex. Het kortlevende 16e fosfinideen complex [Cp*IrPAr] kon experimenteel niet waargenomen worden. In plaats hiervan leidde dehydrohalogenering van [Cp*IrCl2(PH2Ar)] in CH2Cl2 bij lage temperaturen tot de nieuwe gefuseerde ring systemen 17 (Ar=Mes*) en 20 (Ar=Mes), waarschijnlijk met het dimere [{Cp*IrPAr}2] als intermedair. Intramoleculaire CH bond activering geïnduceerd door sterische factoren wordt als de drijvende kracht achter de irreversibele vorming van 17 en 20 gezien. ONIOM berekeningen suggereren dat op grond van de grote sterische hinder [{Cp*IrPAr}2] in een meer planaire en reaktievere vorm gedwongen wordt die gemakkelijk omlegt. Dehydrohalogenation of [Cp*IrCl2(PH2Ar)] in CH2Cl2 results in novel fused‐ring systems, dimeric [{Cp*IrPAr}2] being the likely intermediate (see scheme). Intramolecular CH bond activation induced by steric factors is considered to be the driving force for this irreversible for
ISSN:0947-6539
1521-3765
DOI:10.1002/chem.200400080