Non-typhoidal Salmonella septic arthritis in an immunocompetent child with a pharyngeal streptococcal infection

Summary We report the case of an immunocompetent child who showed monoarticular arthritis and fever, preceded by pharyngitis and arthralgias. Because group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus had been detected in the pharyngeal swab, erythromycin was given on admission. However, based on ultrasound examination, therapy with ceftriaxone and joint fluid drainage were promptly performed, and a rapid and full recovery followed. Meanwhile, Salmonella enterica infection was revealed in blood and joint fluid. Our case suggests that septic arthritis caused by a non-typhoidal Salmonella infection may occur without gastrointestinal manifestations and concomitantly with a pharyngeal streptococcal infection.