Omeprazole is more effective than famotidine for preventing acute gastritis in rats

Acute gastric mucosal lesions, which can develop within a few hours after polytrauma, shock, major operations, central nervous system lesions, or severe infection, cause about 33% of cases of gastrointestinal bleeding. We analyzed and compared the effectiveness of famotidine and omeprazole on acute gastric mucosal lesions. Thirty male albino Wistar rats were given ketalar anesthesia after 12 h fasting, then immobilized and exposed to stress according to Brodie's protocol, without restricting their respiration. We divided the rats into three groups of ten according to whether they were given famotidine, omeprazole, or normal saline (control group). All rats were ulcer-indexed according to the diameter of their ulcers. The stomach contents were aspirated for acid output and pH analysis, and sent to the laboratory. The total number of mast cells was also counted. Omeprazole was more effective than famotidine in keeping gastric pH high and lowering the total gastric acid output. Lower ulcer indexes in acute gastric mucosal erosions and better protected mucosal integrity were found in the omeprazole-treated rats. Omeprazole prevents acute gastric mucosal erosions in rats more effectively than famotidine.