Erythropoietin levels in heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction: Determinants, prognostic value, and the effects of captopril versus losartan

Background In patients with chronic heart failure, erythropoietin (Epo) levels are increased and related to a poor prognosis. Furthermore, Epo levels in these patients show a weak correlation with hemoglobin levels. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of a subgroup of the OPTIMAAL (Optimal Trial in Myocardial Infarction with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) trial in which serum Epo levels were measured at baseline, at 1 month, and at 1 and 2 years in 224 patients with an acute myocardial infarction complicated by signs or symptoms of heart failure. We investigated the determinants and the prognostic role of elevated Epo levels in these patients, and we studied the change in Epo levels by either captopril or losartan. Results The correlation between Epo and hemoglobin at baseline ( r = 0.348, P < .001) and after 1 month ( r = 0.272, P