Autoimmune hemolytic anemia complicating disseminated childhood tuberculosis

An 8-year-old girl presented with severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in association with mediastinal widening. Biopsy of mediastinal lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of tuberculosis. A diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis in association with AIHA was made, and the patient was treated with steroids and antitubercular therapy. This is the first report case of AIHA in association with childhood tuberculosis; we also discuss other reported cases of AIHA in association with adult tuberculosis in English literature.