The Long-Term Effects of Relocation on People with an Intellectual Disability: Quality of Life, Behavior, and Environment

This article reports on the long-term effects of relocation on a sample of 45 people with an intellectual disability who moved from an institution to the community and to other institutions. Data were gathered for 3 years after relocation. Results revealed that a move to supported community residences and to refurbished units within other institutions was associated with increased quality of life/care and, for interinstitutional movers, decreased challenging behaviors. Relocation did not lead to increased performance of independent community living skills, despite increased opportunities in the community. Where significant changes were identified they were modest and occurred within 6 months of relocation. It is concluded that positive outcomes result from community placement and interinstitutional relocation. The implications and limitations of this evidence for social work research and practice are discussed.