The effect of a favor on public and private compliance : How internalized is the norm of reciprocity?

Examined the degree that social (public) and internal (private) consequences of reciprocation helped to explain both the power and the prevalence of the norm. Participants were randomly assigned to conditions in which they were or were not given a small favor, and were asked to comply with a request. Participants expected that the favor-doer would either know or not know whether they complied with the request. There was support for both public and private reasons for reciprocation, as the presence of a favor appeared to increase compliance in both public and private conditions. Also, public compliance was greater than private compliance. (Original abstract - amended)