From Integration to Segregation

Examines the shift from the late-nineteenth century ideal of an integrated society, regulated by institutions & composed of modern individuals, to an increasingly segregated society, characterized by an economy of exclusion & marginalized minority, worker, & immigrant groups. Findings suggest that, historically, socionational integration was based on close ties between economy & culture, encouraged social liberation & economic development, & provided populations of the same national territory access to cultural modernity & political participation. It is concluded that such a model cannot apply to today's postnational societies, where group behavior is arbitrary, individualized, & diversified. Adapted from the source document.