State and Market in Latin America: A View from Inequality

The persistence of inequalities in Latin America is one of the fundamental obstacles to her development. This article analyzes the inequalities related to the surplus (generally relegated to a second plane in those studies dedicated to income inequalities) and to the context within which they are produced: the market. The article then examines the different measures whereby the State seeks to promote redistribution, from those in the primary sphere, such as nationalization, to those in the secondary sphere, like social policies. It is argued, however, that it is above all in the primary sphere, by creating high-quality employment and opportunities for small-scale producers, that there are possibilities of a virtuous interaction between the State and the market, capable of confronting the problem of inequality. Adapted from the source document.