Liquid Identity: A Nonlinear Approach to the Understanding of the Puerto Rican Identity

Traditional human developmental theories such as those of Freud, Erikson, & Jung as well as ethnic/racial cultural identity development theories view identity development occurring in a linear & a stepwise progression. This view does not account for the complexity of a number of ethnic minorities identity development in the United States such as the Puerto Rican identity development. Therefore, this article explores the Puerto Rican ethnic identity using the concepts & principles of chaos theory. The article describes the Puerto Rican ethnic identity as liquid & complex. Clinical applications & implications for counseling are also suggested in the article. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.