Correlates of primary orientations of volunteer ombudsmen in nursing facilities

This research investigated the significance of primary orientations to volunteer work. Based on data from 745 volunteer ombudsmen in nursing facilities (X̄ age, 69 years), hypotheses about relationships between background, social-psychological characteristics, in-service training, and four orientations (advocate, mediator, therapeutic supporter, and undifferentiated) were studied. Most ombudsmen identified a primary orientation, and their lives as volunteers were affected by this choice. Orientations of ombudsmen had demonstrable profiles that were differentiated by the resources persons brought to the task, how their skills were developed after they became volunteers, and their eventual strategies. Advocates were distinguished from others by their relative youth, formal education, in-service training, and greater hindrances. Perhaps extending traditional conceptions of gender roles, women more often practiced skills as therapeutic supporters. Those without a primary orientation had the most negative experiences.