To Avoid the Hammer, Slip on the Anvil. How Middle-Managers Adapt to Behavior Perceptions

Because of their position as both managers of their teams & subordinated to their own managers, middle-managers are under the pressure of both the upper & the lower hierarchy. This pressure is nowadays higher because of the increasing expectations concerning not only the means & results of the middle-managers, but also their behavior. This article focuses on how middle-managers react to this pressure. We examine the effects of behavior prescriptions on middle-managers using the role theory. Four types of role adjustment are identified & discussed considering their organizational backgrounds. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.