Adult attachment and longterm effects in survivors of incest

Objective: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that adult attachment is related to distress and personality disorders in incest survivors. Method: Adult female incest survivors recruited from the community participated in a structured interview (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) and completed measures of current functioning (Impact of Event Scale, SCL-10, Beck Depression Inventory) and personality (MCMI-II). Complete data from 92 cases out of the total sample of 112 were analyzed. Results: Analyses of variance suggested that attachment (as represented by a category) was significantly related to personality structure, with fearful individuals showing more avoidant, self-defeating, and borderline tendencies and preoccupied individuals showing more dependent, self-defeating, and borderline tendencies than secure or dismissing individuals. Results of hierarchical regression analyses suggested that attachment (as represented by four dimensions) was significantly associated with personality structure, depression and distress, and abuse severity with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (intrusive thoughts and avoidance of memories) and depression. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated the propensity for insecure attachment among incest survivors. Sexual abuse severity and attachment have significant but distinct effects on longterm outcome; abuse characteristics predict classic PTSD symptoms and attachment insecurity predicts distress, depression, and personality disorders above and beyond any effects of abuse severity. Objectif: Le but de l'étude a été de tester l'hypothèse selon laquelle la capacité á se lier à autrui est assoiciée à la dé et aux troubles de la personnalité chez les personnes ayant vécu un inceste. Méthode: Des femmes adultes ayant vécu un inceste ont été recrutées dans la communauté et soumises à un interrogatoire structuré (Family Attachment Interview, Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991), ainsi qu'à une évaluation du fonctionnement courant (Impact of Event Scale, SCL-10, Beck Depression Inventory), et à des tests de personnalité (MCMI-11). Les données complètes ont été analysées pour 92 cas sur un échantillon total de 112 cas. Résultats: b Les analyses de variance suggèrent que la capacité à se lier à autrui (représentée par une catégorie) était significativement associée à la structure de personnalité, les individus anxieux montrant un comportement d'évitement et d'auto-dépréciation plus prouncé et