Vertical multinationals and host-country characteristics

We inquire into the question of what country characteristics, particularly, market size and labor-force composition, attract inward investment. This approach is motivated by the empirical observation that the poorest countries attract a far smaller share of world direct investment than their share of income. Small markets receive less investment per capita than larger ones. We develop a model that generates both stylized facts in equilibrium, suggesting the existence of a development trap for small, skilled-labor-scarce countries.