Microfinance and Poverty: Evidence Using Panel Data from Bangladesh

Microfinance supports mainly informal activities that often have a low return and low market demand. It may therefore be hypothesized that the aggregate poverty impact of microfinance is modest or even nonexistent. If true, the poverty impact of microfinance observed at the participant level represe...

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Veröffentlicht in:	The World Bank economic review 2005-01, Vol.19 (2), p.263-286
1. Verfasser:	Khandker, Shahidur R.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE POVERTY AMOUNT OF CREDIT ANTIPOVERTY PROGRAMS ASSET BUILDING AVERAGE INCIDENCE OF POVERTY Bangladesh BENEFICIARIES BIDS BORROWER BORROWING CAPITAL MOBILITY Case studies COLLATERAL COMMERCIAL BANKS Consumption CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR CONSUMPTION POVERTY CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTROL GROUPS Cost control Credit CREDIT COEFFICIENTS CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT DISCIPLINE CREDIT MARKETS CREDIT PROGRAMS CREDIT SOURCES DEFAULT COSTS DEMAND FOR CREDIT DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH EMPLOYMENT Evidence EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXTERNALITIES EXTREME POVERTY FEMALE EDUCATION FINANCIAL SERVICES FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD EXPENDITURES FOOD POLICY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD FACTORS HOUSEHOLD FIXED EFFECTS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WEALTH Households Housing demand HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCES IMPACT ASSESSMENT IMPACT EVALUATION IMPACT ON POVERTY IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME GENERATION INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES Instrumental variables estimation INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERVENTION LABOR MARKETS LAND HOLDING LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LOAN LOAN DEFAULT LOAN DEFAULT RATES LOAN SIZE LOAN VOLUME Loans LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL MARKET MARKET CONDITIONS Men MICRO-FINANCE MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE NEW ENTRANTS NGO Panel data PARTICIPATION RATES PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR POOR BORROWERS POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE Poverty Poverty alleviation POVERTY EFFECTS POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION ACTIVITIES POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT POVERTY STATUS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAM EFFECTS PROGRAM EVALUATION PROGRAM IMPACTS PROGRAM PLACEMENT BIAS RATE OF RETURN REDUCTION IN POVERTY RETURN RETURNS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL CREDIT RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL FINANCE RURAL FINANCE INSTITUTIONS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POVERTY SAVINGS SCHOOLING SMALL BUSINESS SOCIAL INDICATORS Society SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS STOCKS Sustainable consumption TARGETING TOTAL POVERTY TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TREATMENT GROUPS VILLAGE CHARACTERISTICS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGE LEVEL INFRASTRUCTURE Women World Bank
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Microfinance supports mainly informal activities that often have a low return and low market demand. It may therefore be hypothesized that the aggregate poverty impact of microfinance is modest or even nonexistent. If true, the poverty impact of microfinance observed at the participant level represents either income redistribution or short-run income generation from the microfinance intervention. This article examines the effects of microfinance on poverty reduction at both the participant and the aggregate levels using panel data from Bangladesh. The results suggest that access to microfinance contributes to poverty reduction, especially for female participants, and to overall poverty reduction at the village level. Microfinance thus helps not only poor participants but also the local economy.
ISSN:	0258-6770 1564-698X
DOI:	10.1093/wber/lhi008