CHP production in integrated energy systems examples from five Swedish communities

With special emphasis on combined heat and power (CHP) in district heating systems, experience from local energy/environment planning in five Swedish communities is presented. The IEA-MARKAL model is used to describe the community energy system and to evaluate the role of different technologies in producing district heat. General conclusions are drawn about the competition between CHP and waste heat, and between CHP and end-use conservation. Other subjects discussed are local self-sufficiency in electricity, choice of technologies for CHP and emissions control, and the consequences of different emissions accounting schemes.