Land value and the linkage between stand and forest level analyses

Through elementary calculus and algebraic manipulations, it is demonstrated that the practice of forest planning gives the necessary information to establish the linkage between stand and forest multiple use optimization. A forest-level activities programming formulation is proposed that, through the Kuhn-Tucker (1951) theory, permits recovery of a general expression for the land value when the stand rotation is allowed to vary over time, when amenity and service outputs are requested for the stands, and when interactions with other stands are accounted for. An infinite planning horizon is assumed, and the price and cost vectors are accepted as time-dependent parameters. The practice of constrained forest planning shows that rotation ages, other than those selected from pure stand-level analysis, often become optimal as a result of implicit values for nonmarket outputs constraining management choices.