Mixed convective heat transfer in rectangular enclosures driven by a continuously moving horizontal plate

The fluid flow and heat transfer induced by the combined effects of the mechanically driven lid and the buoyancy force within rectangular enclosures were investigated in this work. The fluid filled enclosures are heated and lid-driven either on the upper or on the lower horizontal wall, thermally isolated on the right vertical wall, and cooled on the other walls. The basis of the investigation was the numerical solutions of the equations for the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy transport using the finite difference method. The effects of the flow governing parameters including the Richardson and the Prandtl numbers, and the length-to-height aspect ratio, respectively, in the range 10 −2 ⩽ Ri ⩽ 10 2, 10 −3 ⩽ Pr ⩽ 10, and 1 ⩽ AR ⩽ 4 for a fixed Reynolds number, Re = 100, were studied. The results are presented in the form of the hydrodynamic and thermal fields, and the profiles for vertical and horizontal components of velocity, temperature, and the local heat flux. The fluid flow and energy distributions within the enclosures and heat flux on the heated wall are enhanced by the increase in the Richardson number. While an increase in the Prandtl number improves the heat flux on the heated wall, an increase in aspect ratio suppresses it. The results can be used as base line data in the design of systems in which mixed convection heat transfer in rectangular enclosures occurs.