Fabrication of Bioinspired Actuated Nanostructures with Arbitrary Geometry and Stiffness

Bio‐inspired, multifunctional, high‐aspect‐ratio nanostructured surfaces are fabricated in a variety of materials with controlled geometry and stiffness. A soft‐lithography method that allows the one‐to‐one replication of nanostructures and renders it possible to produce arbitrary nanostructures with cross‐sectional shapes, orientations, and 2D lattices that are different from the original master is presented. The actuation of the posts is demonstrated.