Effects of Fiber Arrangement on Mechanical Behavior of Unidirectional Composites

Micromechanical approaches are employed to investigate the influence of different fiber arrangement on the mechanical behavior of unidirectional composites (UD) under various loading conditions. A micromechanical model with a random fiber array is generated and used in a finite element analysis together with two frequently used representative volume elements (RVE), or unit cell models of square and hexagonal arrays. The algorithm for generating the random fiber array is verified by comparing the comprehensive performance of a unit cell based on our random array and that of a unit cell based on a real fiber distribution in the UD cross-section. Performance of the random and regular fiber arrays is also evaluated through frequency distributions of stress invariants in matrix and tractions at the fiber—matrix interface due to various loading types. The effects of different loading angles on the overall response of regular arrays to various loading conditions are investigated thoroughly. Finally, the Weibull distribution of the maximum normal interfacial traction in random array is compared with the cumulative probability distribution of transverse strength data acquired from experiment, and good agreement is achieved.