Understanding resistance mechanisms and genetic advancements for managing Sclerotinia stem rot disease in oilseed Brassica

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, poses a significant threat to oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and rapeseed-mustard (Brassica juncea L.) production globally, leading to substantial yield losses and economic consequences. Addressing this challenge requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions and the development of effective genetic strategies to enhance resistance. The intricate interplay between S. sclerotiorum and rapeseed involves multifaceted mechanisms that facilitate disease establishment and progression, encompassing various molecular and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenicity of S. sclerotiorum, alongside the defense responses activated by the host. Additionally, complexities within plant-pathogen interactions, such as the pathogen's manipulation of host defense and the emergence of resistance-breaking strains, are critical to understanding disease dynamics. By employing a comprehensive array of genomic and molecular tools, researchers can develop more effective breeding strategies and genetic engineering approaches to promote long-term resistance against SSR in rapeseed. The integration of insights into key resistance mechanisms and innovative genetic strategies will pave the way for cultivating resilient rapeseed varieties, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of SSR on global rapeseed production. [Display omitted] •Key defense mechanisms in rapeseed against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.•Significance of developing resistant rapeseed varieties to combat SSR.•Overview of major gene loci associated with SSR resistance in rapeseed.•Advances in genetic engineering and breeding strategies for enhancing SSR resistance.