Urban dynamics in parand new city, iran: A decadal analysis of expansion, temperature variations, and air quality

This research explores the transformative dynamics of Parand new city in Iran, utilizing Landsat 8 imagery to scrutinize the interplay between urban expansion, land surface temperature (LST), and air pollution from 2013 to 2023. Employing Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for land use/land cover mapping; LST extracted by single-channel algorithm developed by Jiménez-Muñoz et al. in 2014, and the method devised by Saraswat et al. (2017) for PM 10 assessment, the study unveils nuanced patterns in the city's development. Notably, the southeastern affluent expansion in 2013 gradually evolves into a more extensively urbanized landscape by 2023, marked by shifts in land cover and temperature zones. LST analyses illustrate the increasing temperature trends, emphasizing the expansion of lower-temperature zones. Air pollution assessments reveal a substantial rise, particularly in non-vegetated areas. Quantitative analyses depict rapid urban expansion, temperature differentials, and a notable surge in PM 10 levels. The findings underscore the imperative for sustainable urban planning, urging strategic interventions to mitigate environmental impact and enhance urban resilience, with a focus on preserving green spaces for pollution abatement.