Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid biosynthetic pathways are simultaneously activated in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the rolB/C gene from Ipomoea batatas

The Agrobacterium rhizogenes root oncogenic locus (rol) genes interfere with hormone balance by altering their synthesis and/or recognition, giving rise to varied impacts on the physiological characteristics of plants and cell cultures. The homolog of the rolB and rolC genes from Ipomoea batatas, named Ib-rolB/C, similarly induces morphological and physiological alterations in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana; however, its role in plant hormonal homeostasis has not been previously defined. In this study, we found that external application of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) significantly upregulated Ib-rolB/C in detached I. batatas leaves. Furthermore, heterologous expression of Ib-rolB/C in A. thaliana markedly enhanced the accumulation of SA and MeJA, and to a lesser extent, elevated abscisic acid (ABA) levels, through the modulation of genes specific to hormone biosynthesis. Even though the RolB/RolC homolog protein has a notable structural resemblance to the RolB protein from A. rhizogenes, it exhibits a distinct localization pattern, predominantly residing in the cytoplasm and certain discrete subcellular structures, instead of the nucleus. Consequently, the functions of RolB/RolC in both naturally and artificially transgenic plants are linked to changes in the hormonal state of the cells, though the underlying signaling pathways remain to be elucidated. •IbT-DNA2 genes are differently regulated by plant hormones in sweet potato leaves.•Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acids (MeJA, SA) upregulate Ib-rolB/C expression.•Ib-rolB/C promotes the accumulation of MeJA and SA in transgenic Arabidopsis.•Ib-rolB/C triggers an increase in the sensitivity of Arabidopsis seedlings to auxin.•RolB/RolC protein localizes in the cytosol and discrete subcellular structures.