Recovery of anthocyanin-rich extracts from black carrots using ternary compressed mixtures of CO2–ethanol–water

Ternary solvent extraction investigated as green technology to obtain anthocyanin-rich extracts from black carrots. A central composite design was used to optimize the extraction pressure (100–400 bar), extraction temperature (20–60 °C), and ethanol/water ratio (10/90–90/10). The extraction time (40 min) and the flow rate of CO 2 (50 g/min) and the flow rate of ethanol–water mixture (10 mL/min) was kept constant. Response surface methodology was employed for optimization and 3D response surfaces were depicted using the mathematical model. All the trials were found to be at two-phase region according phase equilibrium diagram of for CO 2 –ethanol–water mixtures. The linear and quadratic effect of pressure and temperature were found to be significant (p