Long-Term and Seasonal Dynamics of Inversion Polymorphism in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles messeae Fall. (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Population of the Central Part of the Species Range (Western Siberia, Tomsk Oblast)

The level of genetic variability in the population of malaria mosquito Anopheles messeae Fall. from the settlement of Kolarovo (Tomsk oblast) in 1974 through 2020 was assessed based on cytogenetic analysis of polytene chromosomes. Analysis of the inversion polymorphism dynamics in the malaria mosquito Anopheles messeae Fall. between 1974 and 2020 with respect to the frequencies of inversion variants of chromosomes and gametes in the population from the settlement of Kolarovo showed the replacement of “northern” variants with “southern” variants during 1990s and stabilization of these changes until 2020. A correlation between the chromosomale inversion frequency distributions in 1972 through 2020 with annual temperature, which includes semiannual average temperature in April–September and that in October–March was found. The results obtained made it possible to shed light on the nature of long-term dynamic processes associated with climate warming. Spatiotemporal stationarity (dynamic stability) of adaptive inversion polymorphism is evidence of the absence of tendencies to speciation.