A pictorial review of osseous and cartilaginous soft tissue tumours

Osseous and cartilaginous soft tissue tumours are a heterogenous group of neoplasms characterised by the presence of an osseous or cartilaginous component. Mineralisation of the osseous or cartilaginous component is a common finding amongst these lesions, presenting as calcification/ossification on radiological imaging. This pictorial review examines the key imaging findings and characteristics of osseous and cartilaginous soft tissue tumours with a focus on the distinguishing features which can help the radiologist to differentiate benign and malignant lesions. All examples provided are of histopathologically proven cases seen in our tertiary referral soft tissue sarcoma centre. •Osseous and cartilaginous soft tissue tumours encompass a broad spectrum of neoplasms which range from benign indolent lesions to aggressive malignant tumours with a high propensity for recurrence and metastases.•Mineralisation of the osseous or cartilaginous component is a common finding amongst these lesions, presenting as calcification/ossification on radiological imaging.•All soft tissue tumours in which there is diagnostic uncertainty should be reviewed in a soft tissue sarcoma centre with subsequent percutaneous biopsy for histopathological diagnosis performed if clinically appropriate.