A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial Evaluating Pulpotomy in Primary Molars With Three Bioceramic Calcium Silicate Cements: 24 Month Follow-Up

In recent times, bioceramic calcium silicates have gained attention due to high success rates with pulpotomy in primary teeth. To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of three different bioceramic calcium silicate cements in vital deciduous teeth treated with pulpotomies over a period of 24 months. Children aged 4-9 years, with deep dentinal caries (ICDAS 4-6) in primary molars, having no history of spontaneous pain or signs of non-vitality were included in the study. Following clinical and radiographic evaluation 117 primary molars diagnosed as having reversible pulpitis received pulpotomy treatment, after randomly being assigned into three groups based on the bioceramic calcium silicate medicament used: a pre-mixed syringe-loaded MTA putty (NeoPUTTY); a traditional powder-liquid hand mix MTA material (NeoMTA Plus), and a precapsulated, trituration mixed material (Biodentine). Clinical and radiographic evaluation was done at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The cumulative clinical and radiographic success for NeoPUTTY was 92%, NeoMTA Plus 97% and for Biodentine 95% and 89%, respectively, after 24 months follow-up. The clinical and radiographic success rates of all three bioceramic calcium silicate cements were found to be high, with no significant differences over a period of 24 months. Clinical trial registration number: CTRI/2021/03/031655.