Fixation of CO2 with Epoxides Catalyzed by Pincer-Type Azo-Aromatic Complexes of Cobalt as Catalysts
Employing a series of azo-aromatic pincer-type cobalt(II) complexes, 1–5, and an imine-based cobalt complex, 6, a highly efficient catalytic protocol for the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides at low pressure of CO2 is reported. The electron-withdrawing group-substituted ligands containing complexe...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Inorganic chemistry 2024-12, Vol.63 (50), p.23630-23641 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Employing a series of azo-aromatic pincer-type cobalt(II) complexes, 1–5, and an imine-based cobalt complex, 6, a highly efficient catalytic protocol for the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides at low pressure of CO2 is reported. The electron-withdrawing group-substituted ligands containing complexes 2 and 4 were most efficient. The catalytic protocol with 2 involved a synergistic participation of an azo-aromatic catalyst (0.1 mol %) and tetra-butyl ammonium iodide (TBAI), a cocatalyst (0.2 mol %) at 90 °C temperature, and 1 bar CO2 pressure. A very good conversion, high turnover number, and reusability were observed. Complex 4 worked directly in the reaction, and its efficiency was similar to the efficiency of 2 and TBAI. As 2 was synthesized from a cheaper CoCl2, 2 showed to be more stable than 4; the combination of 2 and TBAI was used for a detailed study. The imine-based complex 6 was less efficient than the corresponding azo-aromatic complex 5. The catalytic protocol was versatile. It was also very effective for the full conversion of bis-epoxides to bis-carbonates at only 2 bar of CO2 pressure in 24 h. The reaction mechanism was investigated using various spectroscopic and computational studies. |
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ISSN: | 0020-1669 1520-510X 1520-510X |
DOI: | 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c03640 |