Nanoplatform-based synergistic cancer Immuno-Chemodynamic therapy

With the booming development of nanotechnology, various Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) /immunotherapy-based nanoplatforms have been developed in recent years. In terms of nanocarriers are classified into inorganic, organic/inorganic, and biomimetic materials with different characteristics and functions. Regarding the mechanism, CDT-based nanoplatforms tend to reverse immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME) and induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), and in combination with immune adjuvant or immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can evoke robust immune responses. Regarding the application, CDT/immunotherapy-based nanoplatforms demonstrate superior multimodal imaging capabilities in cancer diagnostics, including photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and realize cancer dual diagnostic and therapeutic. Moreover, some nanoplatforms demonstrate the properties of nanovaccines. [Display omitted] Immunotherapy has made excellent breakthroughs in the field of cancer treatments, but faces challenges with low immunogenicity of tumor cells and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME). The emerging chemodynamic therapy (CDT) based on the Fenton/Fenton-like reaction can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) to enhance tumor immunogenicity, facilitating the transition from immune-cold to immune-hot tumors. Synergistic CDT and immunotherapy based on advanced nanotechnology have shown immense promise for improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects in cancer treatment. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in the field, with the goal of designing a high-quality nanoplatform to enhance synergistic CDT in combination with immunotherapy and lay the foundation for its future clinical translation.