Temporal analysis of non-targeted flavor component variation in green tea storage and rapid prediction of storage duration

The precise changes in the flavor quality of green tea before and after the optimal consumption period remain elusive. This study used HS-SPME-GC–MS to carefully examine the volatile compounds of green tea samples from multiple storage periods and simultaneously detected changes in taste and color during tea infusion. Notably, 16 compounds with VIP > 1.5 were identified, highlighting their significance in the overall analysis profile. Among these components, nonanoic acid, octanoic acid and hexanal were identified as potential contributors to off-flavors and rancid oil flavors in tea after storage. The color of the tea broth becomes darker. Bitter flavor is associated with increased amino acid content. The PSO-SVM model showed excellent accuracy for predicting the storage duration of green tea. These findings provide critical theoretical understandings of green tea manufacturing and quality control. •Identification of volatile compounds during storage of green tea in 131 by HS-SPME-GC–MS.•Alterations in the color and flavor of green tea broth during storage are examined.•Key compounds associated with green tea storage time were screened.•The PSO-SVM method demonstrates superior prediction for determining storage cycles.