Study of penehyclidine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy under general anesthesia: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of penehyclidine (PHC) for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) under general anesthesia. Materials and methods In this prospective study, 219 patients who were scheduled to undergo LSG were randomly assigned to three cohorts: the control cohort (received normal saline), the infusion cohort (administered 0.25 mg of PHC intravenously followed by an additional 0.25 mg through an intravenous analgesia pump for 48 h after LSG), and the bolus cohort (received a single intravenous dose of 0.5 mg of PHC). The study outcomes included the incidence of PONV within the first 48 h postoperatively, the severity and intensity of PONV, side effects and postoperative recovery outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with PONV. Results Compared with the control cohort, both the infusion and bolus cohorts presented considerably lower incidences of PONV (61.64% vs. 12.33% vs. 38.36%, P