The role of NGOs and humanitarian organizations in enhancing surgical capacity in Africa: lessons learned and future directions-a narrative review

Significant inequities exist in surgical care accessibility across marginalized African communities. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and humanitarian groups are vital in supporting Africa's surgical infrastructure. This narrative review explores the current status of surgical care in Africa, highlighting NGO initiatives, past challenges, and future opportunities. A narrative review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and other relevant organizational websites. Over 90% of patients in Africa lack access to proper surgical care due to funding shortages, inadequate resources, and a lack of skilled personnel. NGOs have addressed these gaps through successful initiatives, including fundraising and training, although past failures emphasize the need for clearer objectives and sustainable strategies. Future efforts should prioritize addressing cultural sensitivities, setting realistic goals, and leveraging telemedicine. NGOs and humanitarian organizations will remain critical to improving surgical care for underserved populations in Africa.