The role of c-Myc in Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancers: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications

c-Myc is an important proto-oncogene belonging to the MYC family. In normal conditions, c-Myc regulates different aspects of cellular function. However, its dysregulation can result in the development of cancer due to various mechanisms. Epstein-Barr virus is a ubiquitous viral pathogen that infects a huge proportion of the global population. This virus is linked to various cancers, such as different types of lymphoma, nasopharyngeal, and gastric cancers. It can manipulate host cells, and many cellular and viral genes are important in the Epstein-Barr virus carcinogenesis. This review explores the complex relationship between c-Myc and Epstein-Barr virus in the context of cancer development. Also, potential therapeutic strategies targeting c-Myc to treat EBV-related cancers are discussed. •EBV interaction with c-Myc promotes cancerous cell growth and independent cell proliferation.•EBV reactivation leads to chromosomal rearrangements causing excessive c-Myc expression.•EBV and c-Myc overexpression link to poor prognosis in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.•c-Myc can be used as a target in cancer immunotherapy for EBV-associated malignancies.