The association of serum level and polymorphisms of IFN-γ (rs2069705) with the susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis, a broad range of parasitic diseases, caused by Leishmania which is a flagellated intracellular protozoan parasite of the family Trypanosomatidae. The severity of leishmaniasis diseases ranges from minor cutaneous lesions to severe visceral illnesses that can be disfiguring and life-threatening. Cytokines are glycoprotein molecules produced by various cells in response to various immunological triggers. They regulate the body’s innate and adaptive immunological responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the association of serum level and polymorphisms of IFN-γ with susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The whole blood 200 samples were collected from patients and controls from Diyala Governorate/ Iraq from October 2022 to February 2023 which were used to measure IFN-γ polymorphisms using High Resolution Melting technique. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum level of IFN-γ. The findings of this investigation showed that the IFN-γ serum concentration elevated significantly in patients compared to controls (P